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Overall Health Assessment What is Heart Rate Variability (HRV)? Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of the beat-to-beat variations in heart rate. It is usually calculated by analyzing a time series of beat-to-beat intervals derived from a pulse wave signal measured by means of a photoplethysmograph (PPG). Low HRV has been shown in numerous studies to be related to higher mortality rate in both healthy and unhealthy subjects. It thus can be shown to ba a strong predictor of all-cause mortality. The heart is not just a simple pump, but a complex sensory organ with its own functional "heart brain" that communicates with and influences the brain via the nervous system, hormonal system and other pathways. Research has shown that these influences profoundly affect brain function and most of the body's major organs. Science now confirms that stress significantly increases the risk of heart disease, including sudden cardiac death. Unmanaged emotional stress is equally if not more important than physical variables in determining health outcomes. A conservative estimate is that 75% of visits to primary care physicians are due to stress-related disorders. Does HRV Predict Disease?
The major reason for the interest in measuring HRV stems from its ability to predict survival after heart attack. Over half a dozen prospective studies have shown that reduced HRV predicts sudden death in patients with myocardial infarction (MI), independent of other prognostic indicators such as ejection fraction. Reduced HRV appears to be a marker of fatal ventricular arrhythmia. Moreover, a small number of studies have begun to suggest that reduced HRV may predict risk of survival even among individuals free of Chronic Heart Disease.
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